Side by side file management, easy multiple file renaming, synchronization, smart folder caching, and customizable looks combine to make the perfect file manager for Microsoft Windows. No more constantly sizing and resizing file management windows when moving or copying files between folders and drives.
Original author(s) | Jeffrey C. Johnson |
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Developer(s) | Executive Systems Inc. (ESI) |
Initial release | April 1, 1985; 34 years ago[1] |
Operating system | DOS, Microsoft Windows |
Type | file manager |
XTree is a file managerprogram originally designed for use under DOS. It was published by Underwear Systems, later Executive Systems, Inc. (ESI) and first released on 1 April 1985, and became highly popular.[1] The program uses a character-mode interface, which has many elements typically associated with a graphical user interface.
The program filled a required niche in the market, as DOS shipped with only a command-line file manager, until the generally unsuccessful DOS Shell that was provided with MS-DOS 4.0. Even then, the speed and features of XTreeGold were superior — specifically support for the Zipcompression format and ability to undelete files. The program also has the benefit of requiring very little memory, essential at a time when less than 640 kB of memory was available for programs to run.
XTree 1.0 was officially introduced on April 1, 1985, at the West Coast Computer Faire and sold for $39.95. Work had begun on XTree in December 1984. The primary developer was Jeffery C. Johnson, who was working for a company named Executive Systems, Inc. (ESI). Additional contributions were made by ESI owners Dale Sinor, Tom Smith, and Henry Hernandez, as well as Ken Broomfield, who provided quality assurance. The XTree name was the concept of Johnson's wife, Arletta, who had made the suggestion: 'XTree'. You know, like 'X-Tree, X-Tree. Read all about it!'. Johnson was the originator of the visual directory tree concept first used in an Epson backup product created by ESI. Johnson describes the creation of a visual directory tree as follows: 'Everyone in the room when I first drew it on a whiteboard [..] When I sat down, Tom and Dale both said 'it can't be done.' Henry, on the other hand, could read me like a book, and seeing the look in my eyes said something like, '.. possible, but not on today's computers.' That was a Friday afternoon, it was running by Monday morning and by the end of the day verified as being accurate by an office full of skeptics[2]
The TREE
command found in later DOS releases displayed directories in a markedly similar fashion. By 1991, XTree had sold over 3 million copies and was released in over a half-dozen languages.[3]
Even in its earliest version XTree contained features like listing all files of a branch, including subdirectories, listing of all files on a disk,[4] or viewing a file's contents in text or hexadecimal format (regardless of its file extension),[5] a feature never added to the built-in Windows file manager.
XTree was supplemented by the enhanced XTreePro in 1988, which added features for working with multiple disk drives, speed improvements, and brought the keyboard commands more in line with other common DOS programs.[1] A version of XTreePro with Novell NetWare connectivity debuted in late 1988.[6] XTreeProGold/XTreeGold succeeded Xtree Pro in 1989, adding pull-down menus to enhance the interface, additional file viewers, and the choice of a Norton Commander-style split pane between locations on different disks.[7] The first GUI-enabled XTree product was XTreeMac, also launched in 1989, which brought the XTree interface metaphors to the Macintosh System as a Finder replacement. While the Macintosh System software already had competent file management, XTreeMac made it easier to move and copy files and added undeletion and enhanced file finding tools.[8]
Also in 1989, the company ran a four-month 'Software Amnesty for Everyone', allowing users of unauthorized copies of XTree to register them for a small fee. Five thousand licenses were sold for $20 each.[9]
XTree suffered a terminal decline after the widespread adoption of Microsoft Windows. The built-in Windows file manager had a vaguely similar appearance to XTree, and while it lacked the speed, keyboard shortcuts and power, it did benefit greatly from being included with Windows.
In 1992 XTree for Windows was released. The product dropped many of the features liked in the DOS versions, with undeletion and file editing particularly noticeable by their absence. The program also took considerably longer to load than both DOS Xtree and other Windows file managers, and operations like viewing files were slower. Despite this, features like native support for file compression and a wide range of file viewers made it the most feature complete Windows file manager of that year.[10] It was not a success for the company. In 1993, the XTree Company was sold to Central Point Software,[11] which was in turn acquired by Symantec in 1994,[12] and in 1995 production of XTree products was halted.
The popularity of the program has led many enthusiasts to develop clone versions that work with modern operating systems. Known clones include Qdir, XFile, ZTreeWin, Unixtree and Ytree.
The authors and users commonly view these clones as a tribute to the original XTree program, rather than a competitor, especially since XTree is no longer commercially available.
Free Software for DOS File Managers – 1 |
21 Aug 2006 |
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Go to top of File Managers – 2 | |||
This page: | OVERVIEW | ||
FILE MANAGERS: DOS 8+3 filenames only | |||
Other page: | FILE MANAGERS: Long File Name support | ||
RELATED TOOLS | |||
COMMAND LINE & BATCH UTILS | |||
FILE / DIRECTORY COMPARERS |
Also see: Connect and Mi-Shell, both with file management and more.
OVERVIEW |
Most file managers listed here are design variations on the Norton Commander for DOS, a successful commercial file manager / shell with dual directory panels and text mode display. Some deviate from this standard and display one directory panel and a status panel with disk and file, or system information, or all three (Directory Freedom — PC Valet Shell — Path Miser Shell — Tree86 Lite — Tutordo).
DOS Navigator (DN), its derivatives (NDN — DN OSP implement a form of virtual directories – they can display files from multiple directories in a single panel (sensu XTREE). File Wizard and DOS Navigator can group found files in the same panel. Archive Lister is the only FM which has implemented ftp (remote) panels – this feature works under Win9x only.
DOS Navigator and Archive Lister can open multiple dual-panel windows. The VGA mode GVFM can also display multiple dir. tree / file list windows (resembles Win3.1 FM).
Archive handling: DOS Navigator — Archive Lister — HFM — File Wizard — UFO — Pinco's Commander — Genesis Commander read and display popular archives as virtual directories. HFM and File Wizard permit many operations in an archive panel (e.g., copy/drag files between archive panels, etc.). DOS Navigator, DF, File Wizard, UFO , PC Valet Shell, Tutordo and Genesis have explicit archive creation commands for packing selected files; many have an archive unpack command (all require external archivers).
DOS Navigator — File Wizard — UFO — HFM implement file 'drag and drop' for copy, move, and/or delete actions.
Fast XMS COPY: Some (DOS Navigator — PC — File Wizard) can use XMS memory during copy operations – a potential time saver especially when transferring large files to/from floppies.
PC-to-remote-PC file transfer: File Maven has the ability to transfer files between PCs via serial or parallel cables. Also see DOS Navigator's (and DN OSP's) serial 'Navigator Link' function.
Useful emergency disk companions: Path Miser Shell, just 36K (or 20K compressed with aPACK), includes a built-in editor, Win9x LFN display. PC Valet Shell, only 26K (or 17K unpacked and recompressed with UPX), about 11K more if you use the hex editor and other add ons.
Win9x LFN compatible (under Win9x only, not plain DOS): NDN — DN OSP — DN/2 — File Wizard — Archive Lister — UFO — Tutordo — Path Miser Shell — Adrenal Manager.
Personal favorites: File Wizard, Connect, DOS Navigator. For older PCs: Directory Freedom, DC (w/ very honorable mentions to PC Valet Shell, PC).
Screenshots (*.png format) of selected file managers: Archive Lister (ftp panel) — DC — Directory Freedom — DN OSP — File Maven — File Wizard — GVFM (VGA mode) — HFM — Path Miser Shell — PC Valet Shell 1 — PC Valet Shell 2 — Pinco's Commander — Terminate Commander — Tree86 Lite — UFO.
Limitations: Nearly all of the FMs listed here aren't capable (or currently capable) of reading the huge numbers of files and directories now commonplace on Win9x systems with multi-gigabyte drives. A very few are not cosmetically Y2K compliant (noted in text).
FILE MANAGERS: DOS 8+3 filenames only |
Also see the real mode version of DN OSP.
DC (DOS Controller) — Fast file manager for DOS, Norton Commander clone.
* * * *
[updated 2006-08-21]
DC is a near-clone of the Norton Commander for DOS with a few features omitted and improvements added. DC is preferred over many of the FMs listed here because of its small size (50K), smart design, speed, and lack of bugs. While not as feature-laden as some of the FMs listed here its simplicity can be a plus for users of older PCs. DC is coded in assembly language – which translates to minimal RAM wastage and quick operation even on underpowered computers. You can use it both as a file manager and as a DOS shell (non memory resident option exists).
While many of the FMs listed here use a command bar, DC also implements pulldown menus for each directory pane – a big plus for mouse users because frequently used commands (e.g., sorting ) can be invoked without wading through a dialog box. The appearance of individual panes is highly customizable (tree view, brief file info, full file info, etc.); you can even hide the panes to get a better look at command-line output. An option also exists to compare directories. DC is mouse compatible, has a very competent built-in editor (loads files as large as available conventional memory), displays a command line, and includes a user configurable program menu and text-mode screen saver. COM size: 50K.
Limitations:Y2K: Displays correct two-digit year, performs sort by date correctly (w/ Y2K compliant hardware / DR DOS 7.02).
Author: Søren Kragh, Denmark (1992).
1992-02-01 release.
Download dc-sk.zip (39K).
DOS Navigator — Excellent multiple window, dual-panel file manager.
* * * * *
[added 1999-04-24, updated 2004-06-13]
A great (maybe the best) DOS-only file manager that integrates a v. good editor, spreadsheet, *.dbf viewer, phone book / dialer, terminal, cd player. DOS Navigator does *not* support Win9x long file names (LFNs); if you need LFN display see DN's progeny: NDN, DN OSP and the full 32-bit DN/2.
Author: RITLabs, Russia (1999).
1999-04-19: v1.51. Last version from RITLabs. This program is now open source freeware.
Download dn151.zip (768K).
Watch one piece dubbed online free. Massive collection of Videos.
Get older versions, source and docs in several languages at the DOS Navigator page. Note: Links to the DOS Navigator Open Source Project and to Necromancer's DOS Navigator are dead. See FILE MANAGERS: Long File Name support for more recent news of those programs and current links.
Directory Freedom — Comprehensive dir. utility / file manager; Small, fast, configurable.
* * * * *
[updated 2004-06-13]
DF is an outstanding shareware file utility that has turned freeware. It has a famous heritage dating back to the PC Mag utilities DR and CO, and their descendant, Directory Control. Because of the number and type of enhancements added to DF, I prefer to classify it with file managers rather than directory utilities. DF displays a vertical directory panel on the left, vertical command panel on the right, and a horizontal status area at the bottom of screen. Suited to mouse or keyboard users. Some file operations (copy, move, rename) require typing destination path.
From the docs: Directory Freedom..originally grew out of a variety of programs which owe their 'look and feel' to Michael Mefford's DR and CO utilities in PC Magazine..DF was most directly adapted from Peter Esherick's DC (Directory Control)..Some of the major features are listed below. These are just a sampling but should help give the user of the earlier programs a flavor for how DF has been extended from its original roots.Author: Gordon Haff / Bit Masons Consulting (1999).
1999-12-23: v4.61b. Last version, development has ended.
Downloads | ||||
Program | df461b.zip | (229K) | ||
Source | dfsources.zip | (608K) |
Directory Freedom page.
Sources page.
XDOS — Single-panel file manager includes editor and serial port transfer capability.
unrated
[added 2003-11-28, updated 2004-06-13]
This unique single panel file manager utilizes all mouse buttons efficiently. All commands are listed on bottom 3 lines of screen and easily accessed with keyboard or mouse. 54K executable.
Includes:Author: Applied Micros Pty Limited, Australia (1985-2002).
2002: Revision 23.06.
Download xdos.exe, not archived (54K).
HFM — Powerful file manager with many features.
* * * 1/2
HFM is a dual pane, text mode FM with mouse support. While the interface may be too 'busy' for some, it's a good choice for a DOS file manager. Pascal source included. EXE size: 150K. Can be installed to run in German or in English.
Features:Author: Andreas Helke, Germany (1996).
1996-06-05: v4.04 re-released. Formerly shareware, now free under GNU Public License.
Download hfm404nl.zip (492K).
File Maven — File manager with PC-to-PC file transfer capabilities.
* * * 1/2
File Maven is an easy-to-use dual pane file manager with unique features like PC-to-PC file transfers via serial or parallel cable, and Blowfish file encryption. Incorporates pulldown menus, is mouse compatible, and has good archive handling (PKZip, ARJ, LHA). Program size ~350K with support files.
Other distinguishing features:Author: Kent Briggs / Briggs Softworks (1998).
1998-01-09: v3.5a.
Download fmav35a.zip (161K).
See the File Maven page for additional information.
Terminate Commander — Good file manager tuned for use with comm programs.
* * * *
[updated 2005-03-11]
Streaming running man indoxxi. Quick first impressions..
Terminate Commander is a freeware utility that was originally part of the Terminate communications software package, but it works very well as a standalone file manager. The layout of Terminate Commander is somewhat unique and consists of two or three major vertical panes: one system info / function menu pane and one (or two) directory lists with full (or brief) file information. Keyboard navigation is easy. Includes mouse support too, but you can't scroll directory lists with the mouse. A user-defined menu is displayed on the bottom row of the screen. A popup command line is available which includes a command history buffer. Includes a good built-in file viewer too. EXE size 151K.
Other features:Author: Bo Bendtsen, Denmark (1997). Suggested by Robert Bull.
1997-07-21: v2.11.
Download t-nc-211.zip (87K).
Pinco's Commander — Dual pane file manager with fast XMS copy, RAR archive support.
* * * 1/2
[added 1997, updated 2004-06-27]
Pinco's Commander is a very 'fast' and uncomplicated dual pane text-mode file manager which gets a high usability rating along with DC. Distinguished by a colorful interface. Lacks the nice pulldown menus found in DC, but very easy to navigate with a mouse. Setup and configuration are a snap. Although PC may have too much of an 'attitude' for some, I use it quite frequently on my 386/20 because of its fast XMS copying feature. PC is one of the few freeware FMs which reads RAR archives as directories. EXE size: 50K plus 70K auxiliary tools. Requires 80286+ and VGA.
Strengths:Some may be offended by off-color slang used in some error messages (e.g., drive-not-ready message).
Author: Enrico Ferro, Italy (2000). Cardware.
2000-05-08: v2.2.
Download pc22eng.zip (137K), in English.
Genesis Commander — Norton Commander clone.
* * * *
[added 2005-02-04]
This is a very fast and flexible two-panel file manager, with the usual directory info at the bottom of each panel, and an F-key reminder bar (F1-F10 only) and DOS command bar at the bottom of the screen. Operation is by keyboard only. Default text and Hex viewers and a text editor are included in the package, but other viewers and text editor can be selected.
A plain text file, GC.INI, stores basic configuration data. Most items can be set from the menus, but some require direct editing to change defaults (e.g., text and Hex editors). Another plain text file, GC.EXT, sets external viewers for other specific file types (archives, graphics, sound..).
Key commands:F1 | Help | |
F2 | User menu of DOS commands (9 maximum), plain text file GC.MNU must be edited directly | |
F3 | View file (Binaries shown in Hex, Archives shown as dir) | |
F4 | Edit text file | |
F5 | Copy file/directory | |
F6 | Move or rename file/directory | |
F7 | Create directory | |
F8 | Delete file/directory | |
F9 | Show pulldown menus | |
F10 | Exit | |
AltF1 | Change left-panel drive | |
AltF2 | Change right-panel drive | |
AltF3 | View text file in Hex – default or user's viewer | |
AltF6 | Rename file/directory | |
CtrlL | Drive info | |
CtrlQ | Dir size | |
CtrlE | Repeat last command | |
CtrlR | Reread dir | |
ESC | Show last DOS screen |
LEFT PANEL | File sorting parameters | |
File detail levels | ||
Enable/disable display of disk info | ||
FILES | Encrypt / Decrypt | |
Split / Merge | ||
Change attributes of file or of whole directory tree | ||
Change extension, of one file or of all selected files | ||
Fit files to diskette – 1.44MB / 1.2MB / user size | ||
Compare two directories – same files will be selected | ||
Find file and, if found, change to its directory | ||
CONVERSION | Extract readable ASCII code from binary files | |
Email to ASCII | ||
HTML to ASCII | ||
Windows to ASCII | ||
dBase to ASCII | ||
UUencode/decode | ||
TEXTFILE | Compare text files | |
From a file list, extract all lines containing specified strings | ||
Remove chars or strings from text files | ||
Replace chars or strings in text files | ||
Count chars or strings in text files | ||
Compare two selected file for differences or for similarities – differences (or similarities) are written to a third file | ||
EXTRAS | Test Pentium for bug | |
Turn speaker on/off | ||
Audio CD Player | ||
Timer | ||
PC Info | ||
COMMANDS | Save dirtree to file | |
Save filetree to file | ||
Read all filenames in a directory, create subdirectories with their names, move files into the new subdirectories. | ||
Save DOS screen to file | ||
Extract GIF and JPG file info, put info into a file | ||
Switch names of two selected files | ||
CONFIGURE | Expand filenames | |
Hide / display clock | ||
Screensavers | ||
Color schemes | ||
Macros | ||
RECYCLE.BIN – Enable/disable, set size | ||
Select language – English, German, Hungarian | ||
About | ||
RIGHT PANEL | File sorting parameters | |
File detail levels | ||
Enable/disable display of disk info |
Other: Dates shown as YYYY-(M)M-(D)D — Y2K+ correct, no leading zeros in one-digit M or D. Copyrighted freeware, registration as a 'GC-Fan' is requested.
Author: Christian Paukovits, Austria (1996).
1996-09-26: v1.32.
Download gencm132.zip (164K).
PC Valet Shell — Small file manager with built-in file viewer, hex editor, and more.
* * * 1/2
PC Valet Shell is a small, fast, single directory pane, file manager / shell that has not seen wide distribution. The interface somewhat resembles the look of the once-popular XTree file manager. I prefer dual panels, but it has several attractive features. The executable and associated files use less than 40K disk space excluding documentation. Features include directory tree display, file extension association, an internal text file viewer, hex viewer, capable hex editor, and a screen saver. Overall, PC Valet Shell is comparable to DC in features and configurability – I prefer the latter simply for its greater ease of navigation and file manipulation. Last released in 1994 – no Win9x features. EXE size: 26K + 15K auxiliary tools. Take a look at Screenshot 1, or at Screenshot 2.
Other features:Author: John Junod (1994).
Download valet.zip (36K).
Tree86 Lite — Directory tree and file management utility.
* * * 1/2
An older (1990) file manager which remains useful owing to a unique design. Tree86 Lite is a free 'Special Edition Trial Version' still distributed by the Aldridge Company, but it is not disabled in any way and contains no nag/ad screens; The lite version does possess fewer features than the commercial Tree86, but it remains a remarkably feature-rich tool.
Tree86 takes a different approach than most typical file managers. It is designed primarily as a directory 'tree-walking' tool. On start-up, Tree86 reads all directories on a given drive and displays a tree of directories. Because the focus is directories, Tree86 stands out as a good directory-level manager, i.e., make, rename, copy, delete, 'cut and paste' single directory actions are supported. File lists can also be viewed by selecting directories. Common file level actions are included together with an XCOPY command. Includes mouse support with pulldown menus. EXE size: 70K.
Other nice features:01-01-01
displayed as '01-01-;1
').Author: David L. Aldridge / The Aldridge Co. (1990). Suggested by Robert Bull.
Download t86lite.exe, ZIP SFX (179K).
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